CCHCS Facts


WHAT IS CCHCS?

California Correctional Health Care Services provides medical, dental and mental health services to California’s incarcerated population at all 31 California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation institutions statewide.

Our staff provides care for nearly 100,000 incarcerated individuals in California (see Population Reports for the latest numbersopens in a new window). Their efforts are tracked monthly on publicly available Health Care Services Dashboards that cover patient outcomes, access to care and utilization. These and more reports can be found on our Reports pageopens in a new window.

Our mission is to facilitate the successful reintegration of individuals in our care back to their communities equipped with the tools to be drug-free, healthy, and employable members of society by providing education, treatment, rehabilitative, and restorative justice programs, all in a safe and humane environment.

Two CCHCS employees having a conversation.


FACTS AND FIGURES

Acuity of incarcerated patients for our 31 institutions (as of March 2025):

  • 18,124 high-medical acuity
  • 35,092 medium-medical acuity
  • 37,608 low-medical acuity
  • Total: 90,744 incarcerated patients

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SPECIALIZED HEALTH CARE BEDS

Reception Centers: Intake centers that evaluate newly arriving patients, identify appropriate resources, and expedite the transfer of high-risk patients to endorsed institutions.

Basic Institutions: Provide nursing and primary care provider services on a continuous basis and can provide urgent care onsite. Basic consultations are available, including general surgery and orthopedics.

Intermediate Institutions: Provide the same functions as Basic Institutions, but also includes Tertiary Care Consultations, including oncology, neurosurgery and interventional cardiology.

Medical Beds: The combined total of Outpatient Housing Unit beds. Correctional Treatment Center beds, and Skilled Nursing Facility beds. For more information about OHUs, CTCs and SNFs, please refer to the definitions section at the bottom of this page.

MHCB: Mental Health Crisis Beds

PIP: Psychiatric Inpatient Program

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DEFINITIONS

The following is a sampling of definitions from the Health Care Department Operations Manual Definitions section. Please refer to that section for more definitions. The entire Health Care Department Operations Manual is available for review here.


ABOUT THE RECEIVERSHIP

The Receivership was established by U.S. District Court Judge Thelton E. Henderson as the result of a 2001 class-action lawsuit (Plata v. Newsom) against the State of California over the quality of medical care in the state’s prisons. The court found that the medical care was a violation of the Eighth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution, which forbids cruel and unusual punishment of the incarcerated.

The State entered into a stipulation in 2002, agreeing to remedies that would bring prison medical care in line with constitutional standards. However, the State failed to comply with the court’s direction, and in June 2005, Judge Henderson established a Receivership for prison medical care. The Receiver reports to the federal court, not the Governor. Mental health and dental care are overseen by CDCR and are not under the Receivership’s authority.

Under this arrangement, improvements have been made to medical care at institutions across the state with the goal of improving the standard of patient care in accordance with the court’s decisions. As of July 2024, medical operations at 26 institutions have been delegated back to the authority of the CDCR Secretary.

For more on the history of the Receivership and CCHCS, including the Turnaround Plan of Action, Tri-Annual Reports and Court Orders, under the “Reports” tab of our website.


RECEIVERSHIP TIMELINE

  • August 29, 2001: Plata v. Davis class-action lawsuit filed alleging prison medical care neglect.
  • June 13, 2002: State enters into a stipulation with the plaintiffs promising to improve prison medical care.
  • October 3, 2005: Federal court finds that medical care does not meet constitutional standards, and establishes a receivership to oversee prison medical care.
  • February 14, 2006: Federal court appoints Robert Sillen as the first Receiver.
  • 2007 to 2009: The Receiver established custody health care access units at each institution to ensure patients were able to access medical care in every medical clinic within each institution.
  • January 23, 2008: Federal court appoints J. Clark Kelso who replaces Robert Sillen as Receiver.
  • June 16, 2008: Receiver’s “Turnaround Plan of Action” is approved by the federal court.
  • August 13, 2008: Receiver and state officials go to court over funding for construction projects.
  • June 3, 2010: Governor signs AB 552 (Solorio) which funds construction of integrated bed plan negotiated between the Receiver and the Administration.
  • September 5, 2012: Federal Court issues order setting forth a plan to transition oversight of medical care from the Receiver back to the Secretary.
  • October 2012: Responsibility for Health Care Access Unit and Activation Unit is delegated back to the Secretary under a revocable delegation of authority signed by the Receiver and CDCR. A total of 3,320.6 authorized positions were delegated back to the CDCR.
  • July 2013: The California Health Care Facility (Stockton) is opened to provide medical and mental health services to inmates needing the most intensive medical and mental health care.
  • March 10, 2015: Federal court issues an order providing a plan for the receiver to delegate oversight of the medical program back to the Secretary, with the Receiver ultimately to assume a monitoring function.
  • July 2015: Complete Care Model, based on the industry standard known as the Patient-Centered Health Home, becomes the foundation for CCHCS health care services delivery.
  • October 31, 2017: The statewide implementation of the Electronic Health Records System is completed.
  • December 3, 2018: The statewide implementation of the Electronic Dental Records System is completed.
  • July 2019: The Health Care Department Operations Manual (HCDOM) is published to include all medical and dental policies and procedures and mirrors the format of the CDCR Department Operations Manual. Additionally, comprehensive regulations for medical care under Title 15 were filed with the Secretary of State and became effective statewide
  • September 2019: CCHCS begins providing regular patient education videos for the population through DRP-TV on a Wellness channel. The content is available at all CDCR institutions for viewing in cells as well as public spaces.
  • January 2020: The Integrated Substance Use Disorder Treatment program is implemented statewide across 34 CDCR institutions. The program launched with five core program elements, including substance use disorder screening, medication assisted treatment, cognitive behavioral interventions, supportive housing, and enhanced pre-release planning and transition services aimed at strengthening care coordination upon release.
  • March 2020: Gov. Gavin Newsom issues a proclamation beginning California’s COVID-19 State of Emergency.
  • July 2020: Dr. Joseph Bick is named Director of Health Care Services for CCHCS
  • October 29, 2021: Federal court issues an order modifying the March 10, 2015 transition plan 
  • April 2022: A report showing the impacts of the Integrated Substance Use Disorder Treatment Program titled Transforming Substance Use Disorder Treatment in California’s Prison System (2019-2021) is published.
  • February 2023: Gov. Gavin Newsom issues a proclamation ending California’s COVID-19 State of Emergency.
  • July 2024: Title 15 regulations to standardize terminology including incarcerated person and supervised person were filed with the Secretary of State and became effective statewide.

DELEGATED INSTITUTIONS

The Receiver has delegated oversight of the medical program at 29 of 33 institutions back to the Secretary as of March 2025.

  • 2015: FSP
  • 2016: CTF, CVSP, CCI, PBSP, CEN, SCC, CIM, ASP
  • 2017: SQ, CIW, KVSP, CAC, PVSP, CAL
  • 2018: CCC, CMC, VSP, COR
  • 2022: WSP
  • 2023: ISP, CCWF, MCSP
  • 2024: NKSP, SOL, CMF, CRC, LAC
  • 2025: RJD

Remaining: CHCF, HDSP, SAC, SATF, SVSP


UPDATES

This page is updated twice annually. This page was last updated March 2025.